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Frage		Antworten
tarnished Lernen beginnen		lost polishing, darker layer, discolored
to splutter Lernen beginnen		to cough (machine, engine) The engine gave one last splutter and died.
in tatters Lernen beginnen		torn to pieces
ingrained Lernen beginnen		deep, fixed, born with, become part of He has deeply ingrained respect for women.
creased Lernen beginnen		marks from folding/crumbling He wore trousers with sharp creases.
jaded Lernen beginnen		without energy/interest What happened? You look jaded today.
mangled Lernen beginnen		very badly injured/squeezed flat/empty The car was mangled beyond recognition.
marked Lernen beginnen		damage by sth solid
rustle Lernen beginnen		soft sound of leaves in breeze
plop Lernen beginnen		sth dropped into the liquid The stone fell into the water with a soft plop.
crackle Lernen beginnen		sound of breaking (sparks, in fire) He heard logs crackling in the fireplace.
squeal squeak Lernen beginnen		sound of little pigs mice
patter Lernen beginnen		repeated light tapping sound The rain pattered against the window.
crescent-shaped Lernen beginnen		kształt półksiężyca, rożka
conical /cone Lernen beginnen		stożkowy
a oblong Lernen beginnen		a rectangular shape with unequal next sides
convex Lernen beginnen		wypukły, shaped like a outside of a circle
rectangular Lernen beginnen		prostokątny
concave Lernen beginnen		wklęsły, hollow and curved, shaped like a interior of acircle
semi-circular/ half-moon shaped Lernen beginnen		półkolisty
cylindrical Lernen beginnen		log shaped
novelty Lernen beginnen		nowość
bonanza Lernen beginnen		żyła złota
marvel Lernen beginnen		cud/zdziwienie
perpendicular Lernen beginnen		pionowy/prostopadły
oblique Lernen beginnen		ukośna /
slanting down Lernen beginnen		in a sloping/oblique direction
a sloping line Lernen beginnen		inclined from horizontal or vertical line
a crooked line Lernen beginnen		bent, twisted out of shape
a jagged edge Lernen beginnen		with rough, sharp points protruding
a steep hill Lernen beginnen		strome wzgórze
rolling hills Lernen beginnen		pofalowane wzgórza
undulating countryside Lernen beginnen		falsity krajobraz
weighty Lernen beginnen		abstract & physical things/idea of serioussness - a weighty tome, issue
unwieldy Lernen beginnen		ab & ph / difficult to handle - unwieldy system/ unwieldy object (box), procedure, suitcase
cumbersome Lernen beginnen		machines/equipment/system/structures - a cumbersome weapon/process
burdensome Lernen beginnen		abstract things - a burdensome duty
ponderous Lernen beginnen		slow & clumsy because of the weight/dull and excessively serious abstract - a ponderous style, a ponderous thesis/tone/narrative
lumbering Lernen beginnen		physical things, „heavy movement” - a lumbering truck, a lumbering bear/vehicle
weighed down She is weighed down with problems/I hate being weighed down with suitcases when I travel. Lernen beginnen		carrying heavy things/problems
to weigh up (alternatives) We need to weigh up the alternatives before we make the decision. Lernen beginnen		to compare and consider
to weigh out You need to weigh out a kilo of nuts. Lernen beginnen		weigh a quantity of loose goods
weighing on me - troubling my mind Lernen beginnen		The memory of what happened that night was weighing one me for years.
weighed in (arguments) - to add more points to the argument Lernen beginnen		We almost made a decision, but then she weighed in some new informations.
sift Lernen beginnen		shake it in a sieve to separate the grains You need to sift the flour into a bowl.
lumpy Lernen beginnen		have solid pieces in it I couldn’t sleep because the mattress was so lumpy.
impervious He wasn’t even upset when she called him stupid, he’s impervious to insults. Lernen beginnen		liquid cannot pass through/an impervious material (glass)/a person who is impervious to criticism
zinc Lernen beginnen		cynk, bluish-white metal, medical (Zn)
tin Lernen beginnen		cheap, silvery-white metal (Sn), cans, tinfoil
uranium Lernen beginnen		medicine, bombs, nuclear reactions
carbon dioxide Lernen beginnen		co2
hydrogen Lernen beginnen		wodór, bombs, rocket fuel
phosphorus Lernen beginnen		(P) glows in the dark, exposions
mercury Lernen beginnen		rtęć, quick silver
nickel Lernen beginnen		coins
copper Lernen beginnen		miedź, first metal used by people
sodium cholride Lernen beginnen		Nacl, salt
nitrogen Lernen beginnen		fertilizers, azot
copper + tin Lernen beginnen		bronze
copper + zinc mosiądz Lernen beginnen		brass
iron + carbon Lernen beginnen		steel
lime (wapno) + clay (glina) + sand + water Lernen beginnen		cement
-ll- + gravel (crushed rock) Lernen beginnen		concrete (beton)
polystyrene Lernen beginnen		PVC, tiles
cord(uroy) Lernen beginnen		sztruks, cotton with vertical ribs
suede (uppers) Lernen beginnen		zamsz, velvety side, (shoes)
flannel Lernen beginnen		cotton + wool
feather (down) beds down. close to skin. Lernen beginnen		pierze
polyurethane-foam pillows Lernen beginnen		?
vinyl Lernen beginnen		artificial leather
marble Lernen beginnen		expensive rock, form of lime, white with stripes?
formica Lernen beginnen		brand made, artificial plastic laminate, glossy and smooth
velvet Lernen beginnen		woven fabric of silk, nylon? thick short PILE on one side
chipboard hardboard Lernen beginnen		recycled wood, pressed together harder
teak / pine / oak Lernen beginnen		?
cast iron Lernen beginnen		żeliwo, casted, pure iron
upholstery Lernen beginnen		cover fixed to furniture /pokrycie
enamel Lernen beginnen		glossy substance/protective coat
polythene Lernen beginnen		flexible synthetic resin - plastic bags, containers
fibreglass Lernen beginnen		light, resistant, synthetic (yachts)
nylon Lernen beginnen		strong synthetic material (sheets)
tweed Lernen beginnen		jackets, rough woolen material
leathery steak Lernen beginnen		hard to chew
rubbery lips Lernen beginnen		thick, fleshy
glassy look Lernen beginnen		static, frozen, dead, away
stony silence Lernen beginnen		abslotute, still
a tinny soud Lernen beginnen		metaalic, bad quality
wiry Lernen beginnen		slim, muscular, lean
an oily rag/a greasy rag Lernen beginnen		tłusta szmata:3
meaty discussion Lernen beginnen		full of content, rich
milky complexion Lernen beginnen		very pale, smooth
a wooden actor Lernen beginnen		bad, stiff
a grease gun Lernen beginnen		grease dispenser
a wolly argument Lernen beginnen		vague, confused
extensive Lernen beginnen		large in amount and scale educational facilities/routes
spacious Lernen beginnen		outside/garden/city
roomy Lernen beginnen		inside/ car/house
rambling Lernen beginnen		building/mansion
scattered Lernen beginnen		randomly arcross a wide area
spread out Lernen beginnen		not close to each other
ample room Lernen beginnen		more than enough
cramped Lernen beginnen		small or restricted/ hotel rooms
poky Lernen beginnen		uncomfortably small / room/flat
congested Lernen beginnen		crowded with traffic/people congested streets
compact Lernen beginnen		P, tiny, compact refigerator
enough room to swing a cat Lernen beginnen		a lot of room;))
hemmed in by Lernen beginnen		surrounded by people, not able to move
bustling with Lernen beginnen		lots of people busily moving around/
packed in like sardines Lernen beginnen		too many people in small space
boundary Lernen beginnen		the edge of large space
rear (of property) Lernen beginnen		back
crammed into Lernen beginnen		packed
(it can be a bit of a) squash Lernen beginnen		a lot of sth in small space
all his born days Lernen beginnen		all his life
in a mo/sec/tick/less than no time/jiffy Lernen beginnen		very soon
for donkeys years/since the year dot Lernen beginnen		for a long time
till the cows go home Lernen beginnen		for ever
in the nick of time she turned up just in the nick of time to catch a train. Lernen beginnen		only just in time
to be over the hill/past it Lernen beginnen		to be too old
has-been Lernen beginnen		person who is no longer famous
in a flash/at a rate of knots Lernen beginnen		very quickly
fleeting Lernen beginnen		brief/quick - glimpse, smile, moment, visit
lenghty Lernen beginnen		continuing for a long time - process, discussion, negotiations, delay
transient Lernen beginnen		lasting for a short time/in passing - effect, feeling, pleasure
persistent Lernen beginnen		lasting for a long time/hard to get rid of/stop - cough, problems, rumor, smell, gossip
inexorable Lernen beginnen		continuing without hope of being stopped - rise, decline, pressure, advance of time
incipient Lernen beginnen		just beginning - panic, rage, rebellion, wrinkles, dementia
protracted Lernen beginnen		lasting for long time/made to last longer - argument/negotiations/discussions
lingering Lernen beginnen		taking a long time to leave or disappear - perfume, kiss, smile
prolong Lernen beginnen		to make longer
pitch black tar Lernen beginnen		intently black - night/ darkness (pitch smoła)
jet black Lernen beginnen		intently black - hair/eyes
scarlet Lernen beginnen		very bright red
crimson Lernen beginnen		strong deep red
ginger Lernen beginnen		orangey red - hair/cats
lime Lernen beginnen		bright yellowish green
beige Lernen beginnen		light creamy brown
chestnut Lernen beginnen		deep reddish brown - hair/horses
auburn Lernen beginnen		red-brown, hair
emerald Lernen beginnen		bright geen
ruby Lernen beginnen		deep red
amber Lernen beginnen		yellowy orange
sapphire Lernen beginnen		deep blue
coral Lernen beginnen		orangey pink
jade Lernen beginnen		dark green
mauve Lernen beginnen		pale purple
harsh colors Lernen beginnen		unpleasantly strong
vivid colors Lernen beginnen		strong, bright (scarlet/turquoise)
elecric Lernen beginnen		blues/greens - extremely bright
monochrome Lernen beginnen		only in one color/shade of/
blue collars workers Lernen beginnen		physical/uskilled
to see red Lernen beginnen		to be very angry
red carpet treatment / red letter day Lernen beginnen		special importance
red views Lernen beginnen		communists, left-wing
to look/turn green Lernen beginnen		nausea
to turn green with envy Lernen beginnen		?
black future Lernen beginnen		without hope/depressing
to look as black as thunder Lernen beginnen		anger
black market/sheep of the family/mark Lernen beginnen		illegality/incorrectness
grey area Lernen beginnen		lack of clarity
grey matter/grey cells Lernen beginnen		brains
white as snow/whiter than white Lernen beginnen		purity
to be as white as a sheet Lernen beginnen		being pale
a white-knuckle ride Lernen beginnen		terrifying
white collars workers Lernen beginnen		office workers
archaeologist Lernen beginnen		person who studies the material evidence of past societies
empire Lernen beginnen		group of countries ruled by a single person
dynasty Lernen beginnen		different rulers who are all from the same family/period of time that a country is controlled by them
reigns Lernen beginnen		period that a king/queen/emperor rules
heirs Lernen beginnen		person legally entitled to continue the work of sone important who died/has the same position as they had
successors Lernen beginnen		person who takes over from another person
coronations Lernen beginnen		event when king/queen receives her crown
conquests Lernen beginnen		when sone/army defeats and takes over another country
peasants Lernen beginnen		person who works on age land and earns little, low social status
labourers Lernen beginnen		unskilled manual work
migrations Lernen beginnen		moving from one place to another in large numbers
interpreting whatever shreds of evidence Lernen beginnen		very small amounts
Bronze Age Lernen beginnen		period when metals copper and tin began to be used to make weapons/tools
medieval times Lernen beginnen		Middle Anges - 1000-1500AD
Renaissance Lernen beginnen		period of growth of interest and activity in the arts in Europe in 14-16c.
pre-colonial era Lernen beginnen		before Europeans arrived in large number and took power
infantry Lernen beginnen		soldiers on foot
cavalry Lernen beginnen		soldiers on horseback
(suit of) armour Lernen beginnen		metal protective clothing-soldiers
chariot Lernen beginnen		two wheeled vehicle pulled by a horse in ancient times for racing and war
galleon Lernen beginnen		large sailing ship/3-4 masts
warlord Lernen beginnen		military leader, controls a country/area within a country
merchant Lernen beginnen		sone who buys and sells things in large amounts/espec. by trading with other countries
monarch Lernen beginnen		neutral term for king/queen
the nobility Lernen beginnen		collective for highest social rank in society
last resort Lernen beginnen		something you do when everything else has failed
diplomacy Lernen beginnen		activities concerning the relationships between governments
sanctions Lernen beginnen		official orders, such as the stopping of trade taken against a country to make it obey law
weaponry Lernen beginnen		weapons in general/of different types
civilian casualties Lernen beginnen		people killed/injured, not a part of military or police
intervention Lernen beginnen		intentionally becoming involved in a difficult situation to improve it or stop it from getting worse
regime change Lernen beginnen		changing the leader/government of country, using force
overthrow Lernen beginnen		remove sone from power using force
unrest Lernen beginnen		disagreement or fighting between groups
clashes Lernen beginnen		fights / arguments
ethnic Lernen beginnen		national or racial
escalate Lernen beginnen		become greater and more serious
all-out Lernen beginnen		complete and total
suppression Lernen beginnen		violent and cruel ending of the right or freedom to do something
ethnic cleansing Lernen beginnen		attempt to remove from a country anyone who belongs to another racial group
massacres Lernen beginnen		killing of large number of people
conflict resolution Lernen beginnen		finding a way to end conficts
mistrust Lernen beginnen		absence of trust
to wage war on Lernen beginnen		fought a war against
hostilities Lernen beginnen		acts of war
besieged Lernen beginnen		attacked by surrounding it for a period of time
ambush Lernen beginnen		attack unexpectedly from secret positions
truce Lernen beginnen		agreement during war to stop fighting for a time
ceasefire Lernen beginnen		agreement between armies/groups to stop fighting
peacekeeping Lernen beginnen		neutral soldiers, trying to hold peace in a divided society
campaign Lernen beginnen		planned group od military activities
observes Lernen beginnen		outside, neutral poeople/body
rebellion Lernen beginnen		people fighting against the government

vocabulary midterm

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